Reinforced-concrete pile.



OROBD CONCRETE PILE.

Patented Dsc. 27,

. Y .,u v y PATENT omnes.

ELIJAH D. MCDONALD, GF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

REINIEORCED-CONCRETE PILE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patontcd D00., 27', 1910.

Application led January 13, 1910. Serial No. 537,923.

' crete piles and the main object of the invention is toso construct the pile that it .maybe driven into place by jetting, and to provide improved means for enabling the )rocess of jetting to be performed much fquicker and easier than byv constructions Lheretofore employed; it being possible, with my construction, to sink a. Vpile by jetting through' notonly sand, but a bed harder than sand, such as clay or hard-pan. y

A further object of thcfinvention is to provide a pile of this character which may be sunk in the bed of the ocean and a sutlitogether to form a continuous wall.

A further object of'lthe invention is to so construct the pilev that when built in. the wall, all of the piles forming the Wall' are interlocked with each other against lateral displacement; a further'object. being to key cient number located'side by side and .close the several piles together so that they are also locked against displacement in a direction longitudinally of the line of the Wall.

Other objects and advantages will be brought out in the following description.

he accompanyiirgr drawings illust-rate the invention and referring thereto` Figure 1 is a horizontal section through the pile. showing a portion of an adjacent'pile in plan, to illustrate 'the interlocking ofthe piles; Fig. 2, is a vertical longitudinal section throughs pile on line arr-41.12, Fig. 1; Fig. 8. is a -vertical longitudinal section through acylindrical form ofipile;v Fig. 4,1 is a horizontal section on line .r4-a1, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the form' otvpile shown 1n Figs. 1 and 2: Fig. 6. is a plan 'viewshowing the manner of constructing the Wall of the piles.

ln the form shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6,v

"each pile comprises a concrete monolith 1 sul'istantially rectangular in crosssection but formed with vertically projecting` flanges 2 arranged v:it-diagonally opposite corners, the width of each projecting flange 2 being one halt' the Width of thcl pile, so that the piles may be joined togetherivith the flanges 2 overlapping and interlocking, as shown in Figs. 1 and 6, and producing flush inner and outer surfaces of the Wall. Fach flange is formed with a longitudinal groove 3 which registers with the groove 3 on the flange of the adjoining block, thus forming a circular hole into which concrete is: .pour-cc to. form a. key 4 which serves to lockthe piles together againstr'displacemcnt in a line longitudinal of the wall. The overlapping flanges 2 pre.

vent the lateral displacement of the piles.

Each pile is formed with horizontal footin Fig. 5, for a slight distance to form an l anchorage for a super-posed pile. Numerous. cross rods 10 extend parallellwith the outer and inner faces of the pile and rods 10' eX- ted laterally and preferably at an angle, as shown iu F ig. l, in order that they may be more. perfectly distributed in .the monolith.g

The vertical rods 9 are also arranged in rows, as shou'irin Fig. 1, which rows are inclined and substantially parallel with the cross rods 10 to secure even distribution of reinforcement throughout the monolith.

Extending through the footings are inletl pipes 11 and outletpipes 12, therespective pipes 11 and 12 communicating with the rei cess 8 Within the flange (l, and preferably being staggered as shown. The purpose of these pipes is to enable water or Water with an abrasive, to be introduced into' the space '8 and directed'- against the sand or other earth stratum at the bottom of the pile to loosen and break up the vsame and for the removal of it from the space 8. The Water under pressure is introduced through the pipes 11 and is directed with force against thesand or other material atthe bottom of the pile and loosens and vremoves the 'sa-me from the area -Within the flange, while suction is maintained through the pipes 12, so thatfas -fast as the material ivhich has been loosened by the jetting action of the Water entering from the. pipes 11, accumulates. in the space 8 withinthe flange 6, it is-yre-` `ings 5 at the bottom which serve as support-s moved immediately by the suction in pipes.

19.. As the material at the bottom of the pile is thus continually removed, the pile sinks. highly important as it restricts the jetting action of the Water and removal of the earth to the area within the flange G thereby causing a hole to be formed of the exact size and shape toA admit the pile. This, so far asy I am aware, ,is novel. By removing-no more material than is necessary to form a` hole of the necessary size, economy is attained as well as rapidity in sinking the pile, and in addition to this, the jetting action of the entering water on account of being restricted' to a surface of limited area is thus concentrated and more energet1c in lts act1on, than where it is uncontined and permitted to dis-v {sipate in all directions frm the bottom of the pile. -The removal by pumping the niaterial afterit hasbeen loosened by the jettingaction also greatly facilitates ,the sinking-.of the pile gand so far {is} am aware, is

also. novel. In 'jetting -dowlbthrough sand, the sand is readily loosened by the action of the Water, but vwhen hard material is encountered, such as clayor hard-pan, I introduce an abrasive in the -water such as sharp sand.

By forcing water inixed with' sharp sand body, a depending flange projecting.from'tlie down vthrough the pipes 11 and causing itto be discharged with force upon `the material Vat the bot-tom'bf'the pile,'the -material is readily loosened and removed, thereby making it possible to sink thepiles through earth formations harder than sand, which so far as I am aware. has 'not heretofore been possible by'any construction of jetting 4apparatus heretofore. employed. 'l2

The lower ends of pipes 1l a'n'd 12 are provided with screw couplings 14 and at their upper ends are jointed by couplings 15 se- `cured bv set screws so that the 'pipes can be operated at the top to unscrewihemat the bottom and enable their remoya'laftrer the pile is sunk.

' In Figs. 2 and 3, I have shown a modi-V fled form in which the pile is cylindrical in cross section mstead of being rectangular,

the construction following in other part-ieu.-

lars the preceding formcxceptPthat I have' vshown a cy-lir'ulrical metal outer casing 13.

In this form- I have shown but' a single inlet pipe11 and a single suction pipe 1 2.

It, shouldl be understood that thepile may be used for bridges, nwh'arve's, dams, breakwaters, or 1n any other capacity.'

,Whatl claim is: l l. Aconcrete pile comprising a ,goncrete lowerfendl of. said body, and meansforiintroducinga jettingstream Aalong the-.body into-the.space inclosed by saidflange.

`2. A concrete pile comprisingr a concrete.' body, a depending flange projecting from the Vlower end of said body formingan inclosure,

The provision of the flange 6 is and means for introducing a jetting stream through the body into the space inclosed by said flange, and means for removing matel rial as it accumulates within said flange.

3. A pile comprising a concrete body with a hollow inclosure at its lower end, and 'means for directing a jetting stream into said iuclosure whereby the action oi said jetting stream is confined to the end of the areaof the inclosure. 1. A pile comprising a concrete bodv with a-hollow iuclosure at its lower end, an inlet pipe for the introduction of Water under Apressure extending into said inelosure at one side thereof, and an outlet pipe for the removal of material extending Ainto said inclosurc at the other side thereof.

5. A pile comprising a concrete body with reinforcements extending longitudinally and 1 laterally thereof, a metallic depending flange at its lower end forming an inclosure, an inlet pipe extending through said body and communicating with .said inclosure, and an communica ting w ith said inclosure. '(3. pile compris 1g a reinforced conc 'ete body, with a footlng and a hollowv inclosure below the footing, a series of inlet pipes extending along the body through the footing aud communicating with said inclosure. and a series of outlet pipes extending along said body and throi'igh the footing conununicating.with said inclosure.

` `'l'. A pile comprising a reinforced concrete body, a metallic depending flange at the lower end of the body. forming an inclosure, said body having longitudinal tlanges` at diagonally opposite corners, an inlet pipe cxtending along said body and communicating with the' inclosure at the lower end thereof, and an outlet pipe extending through said body and communicating with the inclosure.

body, with longitudinal flanges at diagonally .opposite corners, each longitudinal flange having a vertical groove forming a key seat, -an inclosure at the lowerend of the pile, and means for 4introducing water'. through and removing material therefrom.

9. A pile comprising Ja'reint'rced concrete body, witl a hollow yinclos'ure. at its lower end, a seri'e`sof inlet pipes Vextendingthrough closure, and aseries of'outlet pipes extending throughfsaid body and communicating with said inclosure, said pipes tra-ving screw couplings at 'the bottom ,enabling their removal'. Y i

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set -mv hand at Los Angeles,jCalifor.nia, this '7th day of January 1910. E. D. MoDONALD.

vIn prescnce'ofl i Gr. T. HAoKLnY,

FRANK L. A. GRAHAM.

outlet pipe 'extending along said body and 8. A pile comprising a reinforced concrete the body and communicating with said in- 

